Argon gas puff implosion experiments and two-dimensional modeling

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Abstract
The K‐shell x ray yields from argon gas puff Z pinches are observed to increase from 3.5±1.0 kJ to 13±1.0 kJ when inwardly tilted nozzles are used on a 6 TW, 4 MA generator. This increase is associated with the elimination of the zipper effect and the achievement of higher density plasmas, as confirmed by x‐ray diagnostics. Two‐dimensional (2‐D) magnetohydrodynamic modeling of the gas puff implosions indicates that the collapsing shell reaches a higher density and smaller diameter when the axial zipper is eliminated. The calculations show that axial mass flow in the zippering cases result in nonhollow collapses which limit the final pinch radii and densities. The calculations also indicate that narrower nozzle exits contribute to increasing the assembled plasma density.