Mitral ring annuloplasty: An incomplete correction of functional mitral regurgitation associated with left ventricular remodeling

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Abstract
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) occurs commonly in patients undergoing left ventricular (LV) remodeling. It is ubiquitous in patients referred to cardiac transplantation for LV systolic dysfunction and predicts a poor prognosis. The LV remodeling that is responsible for FMR is well understood and involves regional LV dysfunction Mitral annular dilatation is present in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy but most often absent in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Nonrandomized observations indicate that implantation of a mitral undersized flexible mitral ring reduces the amount of FMR, reverses LV remodeling, and improves symptoms in patients with endstage cardiomyopathy and severe FMR. Whether a surgical procedure that does not correct the major LV alterations leading to FMR can have long-lasting effects on the amount of FMR and the reversal of LV remodeling remains to be demonstrated in randomized trials.