Chemical structure and biological activity of a lipid A component from Helicobacter pylori strain 206

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Abstract
The chemical structure of a lipid A, which was obtained as a minor component from lipopolysaccharide of Helicobacter pylori strain 206-1, was determined to be a glucosamine β-(1-6) disaccharide 1-(2-aminoethyl)phosphate acylated by (R)-3-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, (R)-3-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, and (R)-3-(octadecanoyloxy)octadecanoic acid at the 2-, 3- and 2′positions, respectively. Compared with the other major lipid A from the same strain, which was previously reported [Suda Y, Ogawa T, Kashihara W et al. Chemical structure of lipid A from Helicobacter pylori strain 206-1 lipopolysaccharide. J Biochem 1997; 121: 1129—1133], the structure was very similar with one exception. An (R)-3-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid was present at the 3-position of the novel lipid A component. The structure is apparently identical to one of the proposals by Moran et al. [Moran AP, Lindner B, Walsh EJ. Structural characterization of the lipid A component of Helicobacter pylori rough- and smooth-form lipopolysaccharides. J Bacteriol 1997; 179: 6453—6463], who concluded the same structure as the so-called major lipid A from the H. pylori strain NCTC 11637 but without isolating a homogenous component. The endotoxic properties and pro-inflammatory cytokine-inducing activities of this novel tetra-acyl type lipid A were lower than those of previously reported major tri-acyl type lipid A.