Growth and Production of Mycotoxins by Alternaria alternata in Synthetic, Semisynthetic and Rice Media

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Abstract
Alternaria alternata RL671-2 was cultivated in synthetic, semisynthetic or a rice culture medium to study its growth, and production of the mycotoxins alternariol (AOH), alternariol methyl ether (AME), and alteneune (ALT). Toxins were produced during the later stage of growth in both liquid media. Greater toxin production was found in semisynthetic (560 μg/100 ml of medium) than in synthetic medium (135 μg/100 ml). The pH decreased from 4.0 to 2.1 during the cultivation period in the synthetic medium, while it increased from 5.1 to 6.8 in the semisynthetic medium. Reduction of carbon source (glucose) levels in the synthetic medium to change the C/N ratios from 12:1 to 6:1 or 3:1, greatly increased both production of toxins and fungal mycelial weights. At a C/N ratio of 6:1, the fungus produced toxins at a level close to that produced in the semisynthetic medium. The rice culture was more efficient for production of large quantities of toxin.

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