Internal Flows in Geothermal Wells: Their Identification and Effect on the Wellbore Temperature and Pressure Profiles

Abstract
Geothermal wells exhibit a variety of internal flow effects caused by the flow of water, steam, or both between distinct permeable zones tapped by the well. These internal flow effects are described and it is shown how they may be recognized from downhole pressure and temperature profiles. Pressure transients measured at depths other than that of the well's primary permeable zone can be corrupted by such flows. The effects of such flows on injection and discharge transients are discussed.