Orientation processes in synthetic crystalline polymers in terms of morphology

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Abstract
A new approach to orientation processes is proposed in terms of the morphology of crystalline polymers. Our present knowledge of the morphology of unoriented crystalline polymers is summarized, and the process of orientation is visualized as an alignment and pulling out of the submicroscopic and microscopic structural units. The various stages of this process are discussed and it is found that in this way several anomalous and hitherto unexplained orientation effects frequently described in the literature can be accounted for. The phenomenon of preferential tilt of the chains with respect to the fiber axis can now be explained in general terms. Peculiarities in the drawing‐relaxation process, and the special case of perpendicular orientation, also substantiated by recent experiments, follow naturally from the new model.

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