Omental and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues of Obese Subjects Release Interleukin-6: Depot Difference and Regulation by Glucocorticoid

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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether human adi- pocytes from different depots of obese subjects produce interleukin-6 (IL-6) and whether IL-6 release is regulated by glucocorticoids. Frag- ments of omental and abdominal sc adipose tissue released immu- nodetectable IL-6 into the medium during acute incubations. Omental adipose tissue released 2-3 times more IL-6 than did sc adipose tissue. Isolated adipocytes prepared from these tissues also released IL-6 (omental . sc), but this accounted for only 10% of the total tissue release. Culture of adipose tissue fragments for 7 days with the glu- cocorticoid dexamethasone markedly suppressed IL-6 production. These data show for the first time that substantial quantities of IL-6 (up to 75 ng/mL) accumulate in the medium during incubations of both adipocytes and adipose tissue. Although little is known about the effects of IL-6 on adipose tissue, one action is a down-regulation of adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase. The regulated production of this multifunctional cytokine may modulate regional adipose tissue me- tabolism and may contribute to the recently reported correlation between serum IL-6 and the level of obesity. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83: 847- 850, 1998)

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