The Electrochemical Oxidation and Reduction of Gold

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Abstract
Anodic film was formed on a gold electrode by the potentiostatic technique and then reduced cathodically. The amounts of charge needed for anodization, , were evaluated by graphical integration of transient currents, and the amounts of charge, , needed to reduce the film were obtained from the chronopotentiogram. In weak acidic solutions, was proportional to , and the auric hydroxide could grow continuously at noble potentials without the accompanying evolution of oxygen. In strong acidic solutions, however, was not proportional to but was proportional to at noble potentials. In these strong acidic solutions, oxygen evolved on the auric oxide, and this oxide layer grew only to a fixed thickness. On galvanostatic reduction of the oxide film, an arrest was observed in the chronopotentiogram. It was concluded that the potential determining reaction at this arrest potential varied according to the pH ranges as shown in the following reactions (in strong acidic solutions) (in weak acidic solutions).

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