Effect of the pulse length of ultrasound on cell membrane damage i n v i t r o

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Abstract
Suspended cells of a human lymphoblastic cell line were exposed to pulsed ultrasound of 775 kHz. The pulse lengths were varied between 16 and 1000 .mu.s. The mark/space ratio was always kept at 1:1. Two ultrasound intensity levels were used: 3.6 and 6.4 W/cm2spatial peak and temporal peak. After an exposure time of 5 min, cell membrane damage was measured cytometrically by a dye exclusion test. No membrane damage was observable at 16 .mu.s, whereas, at pulse lengths of 1000 .mu.s, about one-third of the cells were damaged.
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