Privacy and Research with Human Beings

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Abstract
Social and psychological research generates three kinds of concerns about invasion of participants' privacy: that public exposure of their views and actions may have damaging consequences for them; that the procedures used to elicit information may deprive them of control over their self‐presentation; and that the research may probe into areas that constitute their private space, overstepping the customary boundary between self and environment. The paper explores the psychological significance of preserving privacy in each of these three senses, the ways in which different kinds of research may threaten privacy in each case, the requirements for minimizing or counteracting such threats, and the conditions under which research representing a certain degree of invasion of privacy can nevertheless be justified.

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