Comparison of the major antigenic determinants of different serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus

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Abstract
Complete nucleotide sequences which code for the capsid protein VP1 of 2 foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes, O1Campos/Brazil/58 and C3Indaial/Brazil/71, were determined. Ten available VP1 sequences (3 serotype O, 3 serotype C and 4 serotype A) were aligned and compared. Evidently, O1BFS/Britain/68 and O1K/Germany/66 are closely related to O1Campos/Brazil/58. Significant variations were observed between the nucleotide sequences of C3Indaial determined by 2 different laboratories. These differences are probably the result of virus adaptation and propagation in different laboratories. In one of the isolates (C3Biogen), a 13-base-pair stem and 13-base-pair loop structure is located in the 134-158 amino acid variable region. Isolates of different serotypes differ at 2 highly variable regions, amino acid positions 42-60 and 134-158, but isolates of the same serotype show major differences only in the variable region between amino acids 134 and 158. Since the remaining amino acid sequence of VP1 is highly conserved, it is concluded that the 134-158 amino acid variable region is involved in subtype specificity, whereas both variable regions contribute to serotype differences.