Failure Analysis of Beta″‐Alumina Membranes Taken from Sodium‐Sulfur Cells

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Abstract
Sodium‐sulfur cells having sulfur electrodes of differing shapes were operated to failure. The beta″‐alumina membranes taken from these cells were found to be cracked in patterns that were related to the shape of the electrodes. The average current density of 250 mA/cm2 of operation was far below the 1500 mA/cm2 usually required to initiate membrane degradation under conditions of uniform current distribution. The role of nonuniform current distribution and high local current densities at the sulfur electrode beta″‐alumina interface leading to membrane degradation is discussed.

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