Serum Cholesterol and Lipoproteins in Premature Infants

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Abstract
Fat infiltration in the intima of the aorta and other arteries has been recognized in young infants and in children as the first stage of human atherosclerotic vascular disease.1-4 Calcification of the intima in arteries including the coronary vessels has also been found in young infants and children.5,6 However, such arterial calcification is a "distinctive entity that seems to be not at all related to the problems of atherosclerosis." 4 Fat in the diet (quantity and quality) as well as circulating cholesterol and lipoproteins have been widely discussed7 as possible factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in man. In the past few years several publications have appeared in the literature on the relation of the diet to the concentration of lipids in the serum of young infants during the first weeks and months of life.8-15 The single studies of this series have covered only