High-hydrostatic-pressure sensor using elliptical-core optical fibers

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Abstract
A new type of high hydrostatic pressure sensor up to 100 MPa, utilizing single-mode and two- mode elliptical-core optical fibers is presented in this paper. The sensor exploits pressure- induced effects on both fundamental and second-order modes in highly birefringent elliptical- core polarization-maintaining optical fibers. The paper discusses the principles on which the design is based, construction of the sensor in two possible configurations, instrumentation and operation, and performance under various conditions, including pressure and temperature coefficients of the output signal. In addition, pressure-induced birefringence calculated from our experiments is compared with recent theoretical results.

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