Anisotropic potentials for plastically deforming metals

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Abstract
Recently, some potentials were proposed to analytically describe the plastic behavior of orthotropic metals. These potentials were expressed either in six-dimensional stress space (yield function) or in six-dimensional strain rate space (strain rate potential). It was shown that these phenomenological potentials provide a good approximation of the plastic potentials calculated with polycrystal models. They can be used for any type of loading condition applied to materials with orthotropic anisotropy. In the paper, both potentials are presented under the same theoretical framework. The determination of the constants that characterize the anisotropy is explained. The application of these potentials in finite-element method (FEM) codes is discussed.

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