OPIATES AND THERMOREGULATION IN MICE .1. AGONISTS

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  • 1 January 1980
    • journal article
    • research article
    • Vol. 213  (2) , 273-283
Abstract
The effects of morphine and other opiate and opioid agonists on body temperature in the mouse were studied. Mice were lightly restrained, and rectal temperatures were monitored after injection of opiate analgesics at each of 3 ambient temperatures. The drugs tested were pure agonists representing 8 different chemical classes. At 20.degree. C, morphine, hydromorphone, levorphanol, oxymorphone, methadone, etonitazene, fentanyl, etorphine and meperidine produced hyperthermia in low doses and hypothermia as the doses were raised. Codeine produced only hypothermia at 20.degree. C in the doses studied. At 25.degree. C, the hypothermic responses were greatly reduced in magnitude, and most drugs produced biphasic or only hyperthermic responses. At 30.degree. C, dose-related hyperthermia was the usual response with the exception of meperidine which produced only hypothermia, but a temperature increase was observed after anileridine, a closely related phenylpiperidine. There is good correlation between the relative potencies of the agonists with respect to their hypothermic effects in mice and their relative potencies as analgesics in mice. The temperature effects of morphine are complex but appear to be characteristic of opiate agonists as a class. The magnitude and the direction of the temperature responses to opiates are dose-dependent and profoundly influenced by the environmental temperature.