Driveway-Related Child Pedestrian Injuries: A Case-Control Study

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Abstract
Objectives. To examine risk factors for driveway-related child pedestrian injuries. Design. A community based case-control study. Setting. The Auckland region of New Zealand. Participants. Cases (n = 53) were children killed or hospitalized as a result of a driveway-related pedestrian injury, in the Auckland region over a period of 2 years and 2 months. Controls (n = 159) were an age-matched random sample of the child population of the Auckland region. Results. The absence of physical separation of the driveway from the children's play area was associated with a threefold increase in the risk of driveway-related child pedestrian injury (OR = 3.50; 95% CI 1.38, 8.92). Children living in homes with shared driveways were also at significantly increased risk (OR = 3.24; 95% CI 1.22, 8.63). The population attributable risk associated with the absence of physical separation of the driveway from the children's play area was 50.0% (95% CI 24.7, 75.3). Conclusion. The fencing of residential driveways as a strategy for the prevention of driveway-related child pedestrian injuries deserves further attention.

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