Diffraction Gratings Ruled And Holographic - A Review

Abstract
Diffraction gratings have been evolving steadily over the last ten years. Modern ruling engines have permitted classically ruled gratings to be more efficient with flatter diffracted wavefront than ever before. Examples include sophisticated laser gratings with up to 97.5% efficiency and flatness of better than λ/3 in 17th order 6328X. Holographically recorded diffraction gratings continue to evolve with the development of blazed plane gratings and with groove densities of up to 6000g/mm. Concave holographic gratings now range from toroidal aberration corrected gratings,for use in the soft x-ray, to flat field spectrographs and scanning spectrographs operating out into the infra-red.

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