Observation of Magnetism and Kondo Effect for Sc Ions in Metallic Hosts

By applying perturbed angular $\gamma$-ray distribution methods we have explored the possible occurrence of magnetism for Sc ions implanted into metallic hosts. Strongly host-dependent magnetic behavior was found for Sc in alkali metals. The local susceptibility reflects predominantly orbital contributions and shows a maximum as a function of temperature, both of which are consistent with a nearly localized, ionic ${3d}^1$ one-electron configuration. These features are similar to certain ${4f}^1$ Ce systems. We compare to theory within the framework of Kondo models and local spin density calculations.