Ultrasonic dispersion of pure cultures of plaque bacteria and plaque

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Abstract
The sonic sensitivity of 12 gram-negative and 2 gram-positive bacteria commonly encountered in plaque (human) associated with periodontal diseases was compared. Pure bacterial cultures were grown to standard turbidity, diluted in 1/4 strength prereduced anaerobically sterilized Ringer''s solution and aliquots dispersed for 0-180s, using an MSE sonic oscillator at 6 .mu.m under 80% N2, 10% H2 and 10% CO2. Viable recoveries were determined on anaerobically cultured trypticase soy 5% blood agar plates. Breakage of Treponema denticola was assessed by EM. Gram-positive organisms tolerated sonication better than gram-negative. Actinomyces viscosus was more resistant than Streptococcus sanguis. Gram-negative bacteria could be divided into groups according to their sensitivity. Eikenella corrodens was most resistant, followed by Fusobacterium nucleatum. Bacteroides asaccharolyticus, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, a strain (2097) of Group IV Bacteroides and B. melaninogenicus ssp. intermedius resisted sonication better than corroding Bacteroides and oral Campylobacter. T. denticola, Selenomonas sputigena and Wolinella were most sensitive with viable counts which declined after sonication for 5-10s. Recoveries from plaque taken from 5 patients with periodontal diseases increased with sonication time, reaching higher values for supragingival than for subgingival samples.

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