Stereotactic heavy-ion Bragg peak radiosurgery for intra-cranial vascular disorders: method for treatment of deep arteriovenous malformations

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Abstract
The use of stereotactically-directed narrow beams of helium ions from the 184-in. Synchrocyclotron at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory for the radiosurgical treatment of life-threatening vascular disorders of the brain, including inoperable or inaccessible deep arteriovenous malformations (AVM) and carotid artery cavernous sinus fistulas (CCF) is reported. The methods developed for stereotactic neuroradiological imaging and stereotactic helium-ion Bragg peak radiosurgery in the evaluation and treatment of the first 55 patients with deep AVM in a clinical research protocol are described. The diagnosis and epidemiological characteristics of the diseases, the neurosurgical and radiosurgical methods of treatment available and the initial experience of stereotactic helium-ion Bragg peak radiosurgery, including stereotactic neuroradiological evaluation, treatment planning, heavy-ion beams, patient treatment protocol, early clinical results, patient evaluation and follow-up studies planned, and conclusions thus far obtained are discussed.

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