Hormonal changes at oestrus, parturition and post-partum oestrus in the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii)

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Abstract
Concentrations of progesterone, prolactin, LH and 13,14 dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F2α (PGFM) were measured in plasma of eight tammar wallabies at 8-hourly intervals during the end of pregnancy and post-partum oestrus initiated by removing the pouch young, and during the end of the oestrous cycle, similarly initiated. In the non-pregnant cycle oestrus occurred 29·7 ± 0·7 (mean ±s.e.m.) days after initiation of the cycle, was preceded by a slow decline in progesterone concentration from 1·6 nmol/l to less than 0·64nmol/l and was followed by a preovulatory peak of LH 5·3± 3·9 h later. In the pregnant cycle birth occurred 26·1±0·2 days after removing the pouch young and was followed 8·0 ± 2·1 h later by oestrus and 16·0± 2·5 h by an LH peak. The latter events thus occurred 3·2 days earlier in the pregnant than in the non-pregnant cycle. Parturition coincided with a very rapid decline in progesterone and a transient high peak of prolactin. In two females sampled less than 25 min after parturition there was a transient peak of PGFM but in all others the concentrations of PGFM remained basal throughout. It is suggested that the fetus and/or placenta is involved in both the premature decline in progesterone and the initiation of parturition and that onset of oestrus and ovulation, being a consequence of a decline in progesterone, are therefore also determined by the fetus.

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