A rapidly varied flow phenomenon in a two-layer flow

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Abstract
This paper examines a region of rapidly varied flow in a two-layered density stratified system with one layer flowing, and the other stationary. The analogous phenomenon in open channel hydraulics is the hydraulic jump. In density stratified flows the phenomenon is referred to as a density jump because it is generally accompanied by a change in density of the flowing layer.It is shown there is a fundamental difference between the hydraulic jump and the density jump in that flow conditions on either side of a density jump are not uniquely related. A density jump with given flow conditions upstream has a range of possible states which may be attained downstream. The rate of entrainment of ambient fluid into a density jump, and the conditions downstream of the jump, are determined by the downstream control and the upsteam conditions. The particular case of a density jump controlled by a broad crested weir downstream is examined in detail.

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