In Vitro Release of Endogenous Amino Acids from Granule Cell‐, Stellate Cell‐, and Climbing Fiber‐Deficient Cerebella

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Abstract
K+-stimulated, Ca2+-dependent release of glutamate, aspartate, GABA, alanine, taurine and glycine was measured in slices of cerebella obtained from control and granule cell-, granule cell plus stellate cell-, or climbing fiber-deficient cerebella of the rat. The 55 mM-K+-stimulated release of glutamate and GABA was 10-fold greater in the presence of Ca2+ than in its absence. Stimulated release of aspartate was 4-fold higher when Ca2+ was present in the bathing media, while the value for alanine was twice as high as the amount obtained in the absence of Ca2+. There was no stimulated release of either taurine or glycine from the cerebellar slices. Increasing the Mg2+ concentration to 16 mM inhibited the K+-stimulated, Ca2+-dependent release of glutamate, GABA, aspartate and alanine 85% or more. K+-stimulated, Ca2+ dependent release of glutamate, aspartate and alanine from X-irradiated cerebella deficient in granule cells was reduced to 50-57% of the control value. Additional X-irradiation treatment, which further reduced the cerebellar granule cell population and prevented the acquisition of stellate cells, decreased the release of glutamate by 77%, aspartate by 66%, alanine by 91% and decreased the release of GABA by 55%. K+-stimulated, Ca2+-dependent release of glutamate, aspartate, GABA and alanine was not changed in climbing fiber-deficient cerebella obtained from 3-acetylpyridine-treated rats. The data support a transmitter role for GABA and glutamate in the cerebellum, but do not support a similar function for either taurine or glycine. Alanine and aspartate may be co-released along with glutamate from granule cells.