Contrast (modulation) sensitivity functions measured in patients with high refractive error with emphasis on aphakia: I. Theoretical considerations

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Abstract
Recently, alterations in contrast (modulation) sensitivity functions of patients with high refractive errors have been noted. For example, this seems to be a common finding in aphakia. In some measure the observed alterations are due to the effect of the corrective lens and the optics of the eyes. These optical effects (in addition to blur) must be factored out in order to determine whether residual effects on the visual system remain. The argument is applicable to photographs of sine wave fringes as well as devices designed to produce interference patterns directly on the retina. A simple means for largely correcting these lens effects is discussed.