Establishing pregnancies after follicular stimulation for IVF with clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin only

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Abstract
Data are presented on establishing pregnancies by IVF during 1987 using only clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotrophin for follicular stimulation. Of the 562 patients undergoing follicular stimulation, 80% reached oocyte recovery and 70% had at least one conceptus replaced. Patients having one or more (up to a maximum of four) conceptuses replaced demonstrated a significant increase in the establishment of pregnancies from one to two (14–29%:P = 0.035) and from two to three conceptuses (29–42%:P = 0.037). There was a significant decline in pregnancies when four conceptuses were replaced compared with three (P = 0.004). The data were also analysed according to the cause of infertility, specifically tubal, endometriosis, unexplained infertility and male factors only. After the replacement of conceptuses, the incidence of implantation and abortion was not significantly different. The incidence of pregnancy declined significantly after 35 years (26%) compared with women under 31 years (43%; P = 0.043). Of 129 women having three conceptuses replaced, in those >35 years (63 patients) 23 (37%) became pregnant whereas in those P = 0.05) became pregnant. Twenty-two per cent of stimulated cycles resulted in an endogenous LH surge and the incidence of patients having three conceptuses replaced in this group was lower than those in the HCG group (P = 0.007). Fertilization per oocyte was also significantly reduced (P < 0.001) in patients with an LH surge. In total, 2824 oocytes were recovered and 57% fertilized with 54% of patients having three conceptuses replaced. The incidence of miscarriage for all clinical pregnancies was 23% and a ratio of 1:0.8 males to females occurred at birth.

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