The Action of Adenosine Analogs on PC12 Cells

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Abstract
PC12 cells, a nerve growth factor–responsive clone of rat pheochromocytoma, contain a membrane–bound adenylate cyclase, which can be activated by adenosine analogs. The characteristics of the cyclase response indicate the presence of stimulatory adenosine receptors. Adenosine analogs also produce a marked increase in the ornithine decarboxylase levels of the cells, and the characteristics of this response suggest that it is linked to the adenylate cyclase–stimulatory adenosine receptors. The ornithine decarboxylase response elicited by 5′-N-ethyIcarboxamideadenosine (NECA), a potent stimulatory adenosine analog, is synergistic with that produced by nerve growth factor. Differentiation of the cells with nerve growth factor, however, does not substantially alter either the response of cyclase to the adenosine analog or the magnitude of the adenosine–evoked ornithine decarboxylase response. Treatment of the cells with NECA produces an increase in the phosphorylation of a specific non–histone nuclear protein. While causing little or no morphological alteration by itself, NECA is synergistic with nerve growth factor in producing neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. NECA does not cause an induction of acetylcholinesterase in the cells, nor does it appear to affect the induction of this enzyme by nerve growth factor.