Biologic Differences Between Strains of Ebola Virus from Zaire and Sudan

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Abstract
Studies of three outbreaks of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Zaire and Sudan have shown that human mortality resulting from Zaire strains of Ebola virus was 90% while that resulting from Sudan strains was 55%–65%. Zaire strains were much easier to isolate in cell culture than all of the Sudanese agents; also, fewer than 10 infectious particles of a Zaire strain were lethal for suckling mice, whereas 10,000 infectious particles of a Sudan strain failed to kill any of these animals. These biologic data indicate that these antigenically related viruses are different, a conclusion supported by genetic, biochemical, and immunologic data.

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