Relationship of the Optic Nerve to the Paranasal Sinuses as Shown by Computed Tomography

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Abstract
Restricted exposure and inconsistencies in sinus pneumatization place the optic nerve at risk during operations on the sphenoid sinus and posterior ethmoid cells. In this study, computed tomography was used to examine these relationships. We reviewed 80 patients who underwent high-resolution computed tomographic scanning for ophthalmologic complaints in which the scan was negative. Forty-eight percent of posterior ethmoid cells are separated from the optic nerve by the thin bony lamina of the optic canal. Nearly 90% of sphenoid sinuses contact the ipsilateral optic nerve and 10% contact both nerves. Eight percent of posterior ethmoid cells override the ipsilateral sphenoid sinus and contact the optic nerve on that side. Paraxial reformatted displays allowed estimation of the degree of projection of the optic nerve into adjacent sinus cavities. Three percent of optic nerves have significant projection into the posterior ethmoid cell, and 23% project significantly into the sphenoid sinus. The width of the bony plate that separates the optic nerve from the sinus cavity was the same for sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses. Although sinus pneumatization varies among individuals, right and left sides are generally similar within one person.