Distribution of Coccidioides immitis Determined by Testing Cattle

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Abstract
From various areas of each county of Arizona, 11,643 home-raised cattle 1-6 years of age were coccidioidin tested, and 2,859 or 24.6 percent, were found to be positive. Whereas previous human skin test surveys have given only indefinite indications of the extent of the endemic areas, this study revealed rather definite boundaries and the relative infectivity of various parts of the endemic area of the State. The endemic areas were found to be practically co-terminous with the Lower Sonoran Life Zone. The low altitude areas of Yavapai and Mohave Counties and additional areas of Gila County were established as endemic areas for the first time, and several areas of the State of above 5,500 feet altitude, previously in a suspect classification, were found to be nonin-fective to cattle. The annual conversion rates of cattle, calculated by the Manos method, were almost identical with the actual human infection rate per year in those counties where this relationship was studied.

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