Impaired early bone formation in periodontal fenestration defects in dogs following application of insulin‐like growth factor (II). Basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor beta 1

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Abstract
Effects of a topically applied growth factor combination on fibroblast migration, collagen fiber formation and bone regeneration were studied in standardized periodontal defects in 4 beagle dogs. Following elevation of facial mucoperiosteal flaps, fenestration defects, 3 mm in diameter, were made through the cortical bone and into the dentin of maxillary and mandibular teeth. Collagen sponges, impregnated with 200 ng insulin‐like growth factor II, 20 ng basic fibroblast growth factor and 6 ng transforming growth factor beta 1 were fitted to defects randomly in right or left quadrants and the flaps repositioned and sutured. Contralateral control defects received the collagen with vehicle only. Experimental procedures were staggered to allow observations of healing 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after surgery. Histometric analysis showed no differences in fibroblast and collagen density between control and growth factor defects. Bone regeneration was significantly greater in control than in growth factor defects 10 and 14 days after surgery. The rate of healing generally appeared more affected by intra‐dog variations or procedural variations than by the growth factor combination.