Propagation of High Current Relativistic Electron Beams

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Abstract
Theoretical self‐consistent relativistic electron beam models are developed which allow the propagation of relativistic electron fluxes in excess of the Alfvén–Lawson critical‐current limit for a fully neutralized beam. Development of a simple, fully relativistic, self‐consistent equilibrium is described which can carry arbitrarily large currents at or near complete electrostatic neutralization. A discussion of a model for magnetic neutralization is presented wherein it is shown that large numbers of electrons from a background plasma are counterstreaming slowly within the beam so that the net current density in the system, and therefore, the magnetic field, is nearly zero. A solution of an initial‐value problem for a beam–plasma system is given which indicates that magnetic neutralization can be expected to occur for plasma densities that are large compared with beam densities. It is found that the application of a strong axial magnetic field to a uniform beam allows propagation regardless of the magnitude of the beam current. Some comparisons are made with recent experimental data.