Abstract
We investigate the semantics of logic programming using a generalized space of truth values. These truth values may be thought of as evidences for and against – possibly incomplete or contradictory. The truth value spaces we use essentially have the structure of M. Ginsberg’s bilattices, and arise from topological spaces. The simplest example is a four-valued logic, previously investigated by N. Belnap. The theory of this special case properly contains that developed in earlier research by the author, on logic programming using Kleene’s three-valued logic.

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