Intergroup Climate Characteristics, Perceived Communication Problems, and Unity of Effort Achieved by Task-Interdependent R & D Groups.

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Abstract
This study, one of over ten in the "liaison, interface, coupling and technology transfer" (LINCOTT) area of Northwestern University's Program of Research on the Management of Research and Development, was designed to investigate inter-group climate conditions which affect the information exchange and "coupling" achieved by task-interdependent research and development (R & D) groups. "Coupling" as such refers to the PROCESS OF INFORMATION TRANSFER between organizational units engaged in the functions of research, development, engineering, testing, manufacturing and marketing, the UTILIZATION made of that information, and the eventual TRANSFER OF WORK OUTPUT between units engaged in these functions. The Program's LINCOTT studies have recently been summarized by Rubenstein and Douds (1969), and focus on a wide range of aspects of the coupling process, including the need for coupling, the nature of the coupling process, the kind of people involved, and the effects of the organization's environment and the organizational climate. The goal of the long-range investigation is to improve our understanding of coupling processes in order to contribute to an improved basis for the organizational design and management of coupling activities.

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