Calculated Ionization Distributions in Small Volumes in Liquid Water Irradiated by Protons

Abstract
Monte Carlo calculations are made of the distributions of the number of ionizations in small cylindrical and spherical volumes in liquid water irradiated by 3-MeV protons. Comparison with analogous, independent calculations for the vapor show expected differences attributable to the different states of condensation. In addition to several comparisons, detailed results for the liquid are presented for proteons that pass through or near the volumes.