Hydrogenation of Carbon Monoxide over Solid Catalysts Dispersed in the Liquid Medium. I. Slurry-Phase Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis with Supported Ruthenium Catalysts

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Abstract
Fischer–Tropsch synthesis on supported ruthenium catalysts were operated successfully in the slurry phase, using ethyl cyclohexane solvent, in spite of the high selectivity of waxy products. Titania, fumed silica, and Nb2O5 were found to be excellent carriers for ruthenium. A Ru/SiO2 catalyst yielded a hydrocarbon product with the rate as high as 600 mg(g-cat)−1h−1 at 240°C and 40 bar. The optimum metal loading was 2% by weight. Calcination of the catalyst precursor at 300°C or above caused a marked decrease in the metal dispersion, which was essential for the high catalytic activity and chain-growth ability. The maximum chain-growth probability obtained on a calcined Ru/Al2O3 catalyst was 0.94.