Urinary excretion of frameshift mutagens in rats caused by passive smoking

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Abstract
Several male Wistar rats were individually placed in a chamber resembling a room provided with minimal air flow. They were exposed separately to the main- and sidestream smoke of a commerical brand of cigarettes smoked by a smoking machine. Exposure to both sidestream and mainstream smoke of at least two cigarettes resulted in significant excretions of frameshift mutagens in urine within 24h, detected by the bacterial microtiter fluctuation test with Salmonella typhimurium TA1 538. Doubling exposure to the mainstream smoke resulted in similar quantitative mutagenic activities. Doubling exposure to the side-stream smoke resulted in reduced water intake by the animals and thus toxic effects of the urine concentrates on the test bacteria.