Renal Tubular Acidosis

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Abstract
Renal AcidificationIN man and other mammals the kidney regulates acid–base balance by regulating the concentration of plasma bicarbonate.1 In normal persons the renal acidification process maintains plasma bicarbonate at physiologic concentrations by reclaiming all filtered bicarbonate and excreting an amount of acid equal to the amount of endogenously produced nonvolatile acid, approximately 1 mEq per kilogram of body weight per day in adults,2 and 2 to 3 mEq in infants and young children.3 Both the reabsorption of bicarbonate and the excretion of acid appear to be mediated by a single operation of the renal tubule: the exchange of reabsorbed . . .