Computed Tomographic Findings in Patients With Invasive Fungal Sinusitis

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Abstract
INVASIVE FUNGAL infection of the sinonasal cavities is a disease requiring urgent attention and treatment by the otolaryngologist–head and neck surgeon, but it is difficult to diagnose and treat. Essentially, the patients are immunocompromised as a result of systemic chemotherapy and/or bone marrow transplantation, immunosuppressive agents used after solid organ transplantation, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or long-term systemic steroid use. Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, usually with diabetic ketoacidosis, is another common underlying factor in the development of invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS). Protein calorie malnutrition and excessive stored iron can also be predisposing factors in the development of IFS.1 Although uncommon, IFS has been documented in otherwise healthy individuals.2,3