Ultrasonic demonstration of clinical and subclinical hepatic venous thrombosis in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria

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Abstract
Extensive hepatic venous thrombosis was demonstrated by ultrasonic scanning in three patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH). The ultrasonography results were confirmed by X-ray venography. Two of these patients were without clinical symptoms of hepatic involvement apart from a slight increase in transaminases. This study indicates, firstly, that ultrasonic scanning is a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool in monitoring patients for this serious and often fatal complication, and secondly, that hepatic venous thrombosis may be a more common complication in PNH than previously assumed.