Positive muon investigation of internal fields in ferromagnetic materials

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Abstract
The μSR (muon spin rotation) technique enables one to measure the local magnetic field Bμ at the site of an interstitial positive muon in solids. Various contributions to the field Bμ in ferro‐ and antiferromagnetic substances are discussed. The recently reported measurements on Fe, Co, Ni, Gd, and Dy are compared, and the resulting information about the muon stopping sites and muon diffusion is presented. The μSR data in Gd allow a determination of the temperature dependence of the angle between the easy axis of magnetization and the hexagonal axis. Several models which attempt to explain the hyperfine fields at the muon by the increase of spin density due to charge screening are analyzed.