Pinna reflections as cues for localization

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Abstract
For monaural localization, the time delay between direct and pinna‐reflected sound is the dominant feature of sound entering the external ear canal. Experiments measuring the human threshold of delay‐time detection and the just noticeable difference of delay time were conducted employing white noise summed with a delay of itself. Threshold results show that delay times of 20 μsec are easily recognizable when the amplitude ratio of the delayed signal to the leading signal is greater than 0.67. Just noticeable difference results agree with measurements of the minimum audible angle for monaural localization. Results further demonstrate correspondence between human detection of a delay‐summing process and an equivalent spectral filter.

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