The Extent of Histone Acetylation Induced by Butyrate and the Turnover of Acetyl Groups Depends on the Nature of the Cell Line

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Abstract
Cells possessing widely different physiological and morphological features were treated with substances known to stimulate the differentiation of erythroleukemia cells. Only short fatty acids are capable of causing a hyperacetylation of the core histones and enhancing the level of an H1-like protein in Chinese hamster ovary (ATCC-CCL61) cells. While the time courses of a butyrate-mediated acetylation are similar for all cells, the maximum histone acetyl contents are much higher for the transformed cells of a given type. A withdrawal of butyrate rapidly (within 45 min) gives rise to a hypoacetylation state for [neonatal human diploid foreskin] fibroblasts and transformed fibroblasts (epithelial) cells from which there is a slow recovery. Lymphoid cells [human Burkitt lymphoma Namalva-ATCC-CRL-1432 cell] display a marked persistance of the highly acetylated forms of histone H4. Also studied were human embryonic lung L-132-ATCC-CCL-5 cell and peripheral lymphocytes.