Neurologic Disorders in Renal Failure

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Abstract
Maintenance hemodialysis and kidney transplantation have changed the natural history of renal failure and its clinical manifestations. This result is particularly striking for neurologic involvement, in which new syndromes have been defined, as a consequence of both increased longevity and the complications of therapy. This review will summarize current views of uremic encephalopathy and its pathophysiology, uremic neuropathy, and the neurologic complications of dialysis and renal transplantation.The neurologic consequences of uremia are similar in many ways to the effects on the central nervous system of other metabolic and toxic disorders. In uremia, as in portal–systemic encephalopathy, hypoxemia, water intoxication, . . .

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