The pattern of stimulated breathing in man during non‐elastic expiratory loading.

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Abstract
The pattern of breathing expressed as the relationship between tidal volume and the components of breath interval was studied in normal subjects during CO2 rebreathing, both under unloaded conditions and following the introduction of a non-elastic expiratory resistance. Under unloaded conditions end-expiratory thoracic gas volume (FRC) measured plethysmographically did not alter during the course of the rebreathing experiment. Maximum tidal volume attained (VT, max) was equal to or just less than the inspiratory capacity of the subject measured at rest. Expiratory reserve volume was not encroached upon even at the highest levels of ventilation. Under loaded conditions the pattern of breathing was altered. VT, max was diminished in all subjects and FRC showed a progressive rise during rebreathing which was proportional to the resistive load afforded by the artificial resistance. There were no consistent differences in the components of breath duration at rest or on maximal ventilatory stimulation between the loaded and unloaded states. The pattern of breathing adopted under conditions of expiratory non-elastic loading is possibly influenced more by the secondary effects of breathing at an elevated lung volume, than by the effect of the non-elastic load per se.