Analogs of tetrahydrofolic acid. XXIX. Hydrophobic bonding to dihydrofolic reductase. II. On the mode of phenyl binding of 1‐aryl‐4,6‐diamino‐1,2‐dihydro‐2,2‐dimethyl‐s‐triazines

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Abstract
The inhibition of dihydrofolic reductase by twenty appropriately 1‐substituted‐4, 6‐diamino‐1, 2 ‐ dihydro‐2, 2‐dimethyl‐s‐triazines were compared in order to shed light on the mode of phenyl binding of 1‐aryl‐1,2‐dihydro‐s‐triazines. When the 1‐phenyl group was substituted by a cationic group at the 4‐position or an anionic group at either the 3‐ or 4‐position, a large loss in affinity by the enzyme for the resultant inhibitor was noted. This loss in affinity is best explained by the concept that the 1‐aryl group complexes with a hydrophobic region on the enzyme and that the hydrophobic region repels any aryl group bearing either a positively or negatively charged group. p‐Substituents coplanar with the 1‐aryl group caused a steric interaction with the enzyme resulting in considerable loss in binding to this enzyme isolated from pigeon liver; this steric effect was considerably less in the m‐position. Inductive effects of 1‐phenyl substituents on a possible charge‐transfer complex of the 1‐aryl group or on the binding ability of the 4,6‐diamino‐1,2‐dihydro‐s‐triazine ring system could not be correlated with the Hammett sigma‐values; therefore these effects were considered to be of minor importance.