Counterion selectivity in cationic polyelectrolytes

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Abstract
Chloride ion activity coefficients in aqueous solutions of several cationic copolymers have been determined using ion‐selective electrodes in both the absence and the presence of simple univalent and divalent salts. Without added salt, the activity coefficient depends on the polymer concentration. It increases with increasing concentration of the added salt. The extent of interaction between counterions and polyions at a given polymer concentration, as estimated form chloride anion activity, is greater for bivalent than for univalent anions. Experimental data are in good agreement with theory. Selective interaction of anions with the ammonium copolymers has also been evidenced by viscometry. The selectivity follows the orderFor organic anions, in addition to electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic effects, which depend on the structure of the copolymer, play a significant role.