Toward a practical instrument system for the automatic measurement of “up-time” in chronic pain patients

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Abstract
A portable, low-cost instrument system for reliable and automatic measurement of up-time in chronic pain patients is described. The system uses a miniature electronic stopwatch-calculator to accumulate up-time. A mercury tilt switch mounted on the outer thigh controls time accumulation. Performance assessment showed excellent reliability and high concurrent validity (r = 0.999). Initial field testing with normal subjects and chronic pain patients indicated reliable and easy operation.