Structure‐activity relationships of alloxan‐like compounds derived from uric acid

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Abstract
1 The diabetogenic activity of a range of alloxan-like compounds derived from uric acid has been investigated. 2 The classes of derivatives were: 5-substituted-isouric acids; 4,5-disubstituted-4, 5-dihydrouric acids; 5-substituted-pseudouric acids; salts of dehydro-uramil hydrate; salts of dehydro-isouramil hydrate; alloxan derivatives. 3 Compounds were tested by intravenous injection into rats and diabetogenic activity assessed by production of persistent hyperglycaemia and glycosuria. 4 The only essential structural feature common to all active compounds was the presence of a quinonoid pyrimidine system or its hydrated equivalent. The presence of the five-membered ring of uric acid (or an opened form thereof) did not abolish and in some compounds enhanced diabetogenic activity.