Seroprevalence of HHV-8 Antibodies in HIV-Positive Homosexual Men Without Kaposi’s Sarcoma and Their Clinical Follow-Up

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Abstract
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been associated with Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Because KS is most frequently seen in HIV-positive homosexual men, we retrospectively evaluated the seroprevalence of HHV-8 in this risk group and compared the clinical history and clinical course of the HHV-8–negative and HHV-8–positive groups. The study was performed by analyzing banked serum samples from asymptomatic HIV-positive men. HHV-8 seropositivity was determined by an indirect immunofluorescence test. A total of 56% of patients (42/75) were seropositive for anti-HHV-8 IgG antibodies as opposed to 12% of 40 agematched HIV-negative controls. Median CD4 counts at study entry were significantly lower in the HHV-8–positive group than in the HHV-8–negative group (520 vs 686); however, the percent-age decrease during a 30-month follow-up did not differ significantly. KS developed in two patients during follow-up; both were HHV-8–positive and had CD4 counts of less than 200/uL at the time of clinical manifestation. One HHV-8–positive patient in whom AIDS developed died of infectious complications. The longest follow-up in the HHV-8–positive cohort without development of KS was 81 months. We conclude that HHV-8 has a high seroprevalence in asymptomatic, homosexual, HIV-positive persons. An HHV-8 infection can precede the development of KS by many years. Immunosuppression below a certain threshold may trigger the clinical manifestation of KS.

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